In a bipolar transistor schematic symbol, the direction of electron flow is always from __________ to __________.

In a bipolar transistor schematic symbol, the direction of electron flow is always from the negative terminal to the positive terminal. This is a fundamental concept in electronics where the flow of current is traditionally represented as moving from a higher potential to a lower potential, which aligns with the definition of current flow.

In the context of a bipolar transistor's operation, electrons flow from the emitter (where they are injected into the base) towards the collector when the transistor is in the on state. However, it is essential to recognize that the actual electron flow in a circuit is opposite to the conventional current flow, which is defined as positive charge movement. By convention, current is considered to flow from the positive side to the negative side, aligning with the positive-to-negative flow represented in the options.

Thus, understanding that electron flow is from the negative region (where there is a surplus of electrons) to the positive region (where there is a deficit of electrons) is critical in comprehending transistor operation and circuit design. This knowledge is foundational for anyone studying electronics, especially in the field of avionics where precision in understanding component behavior is crucial.