What is the function of an 'engine control unit' (ECU) in avionics?

The function of an engine control unit (ECU) in avionics is primarily to manage engine performance. This includes monitoring various parameters related to the engine's operation, such as fuel flow, temperature, and power output. The ECU uses sophisticated algorithms to ensure that the engine operates efficiently under varying conditions, optimizing performance in real-time based on sensor inputs.

By continuously adjusting fuel mixture and other operational parameters, the ECU helps maintain optimal engine efficiency, reduces emissions, and can provide diagnostic information for maintenance and troubleshooting. This active management of the engine is critical for ensuring that the aircraft performs reliably and safely during various flight phases.

While the other functions listed, such as measuring altitude, regulating cabin pressure, or monitoring fuel levels, are essential for aircraft operation, they fall outside the specific purview of the ECU. These functions are typically handled by different systems within the aircraft's avionics suite, highlighting the specialized role the ECU plays in managing the aircraft's engine.